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Groundwater has been at the heart of the 'green revolution' in agriculture across many Asian nations, and has permitted cultivation of high-value crops in various arid regions." Groundwater has been the fundamental resource underpinning the rapid provision of more reliable, better quality, low-cost water supplies for the rural population in the developing world over the past 20 years or so. At the same time, many nations have witnessed an enormous increase in the exploitation of groundwater for agricultural irrigation. Access to groundwater is thus a major factor that will allow rural populations to achieve food security, increase their productivity, and move beyond subsistence. This volume is based on a review of the evolving groundwater situation during the 1990s in a substantial number of developing nations. It aims to raise awareness of the key linkages between groundwater and rural development and to identify appropriate technical and institutional approaches for improving the operational reliability of waterwells and the sustainability of groundwater resources as a whole. It also provides a useful guide when considering new project proposals with a groundwater dimension. The target audience includes senior staff of national governments responsible for provision of rural water supply and sanitation, for promoting agricultural development and for managing land and water resources, together with the staff of the international support agencies and non-governmental organizations charged with providing financial and technical assistance in these areas.

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